Abbreviations and Acronyms
The abbreviations and acronyms listed below may be used throughout Transport Canada’s flight crew written examinations.
AAE | above aerodrome elevation |
ACA | Arctic Control Area |
ACAS | airborne collision avoidance system |
ACC | area control centre |
AD | airworthiness directive |
ADF | automatic direction finder, or automatic direction-finding equipment |
ADIZ | air defence identification zone |
AGL | above ground level |
A.I.P. | aeronautical information publication |
AIRMET | short-term meteorological information |
AME | aircraft maintenance engineer |
APU | auxiliary power unit |
ARCAL | aircraft radio control of aerodrome lighting |
ASDA | accelerate stop distance available |
ASI | airspeed indicator |
ASL | above sea level |
ASR | airport surveillance radar |
ATC | air traffic control |
ATF | aerodrome traffic frequency |
ATIS | automatic terminal information service |
ATPL | airline transport pilot licence |
ATS | air traffic services |
AWOS | automated weather observation systems |
BC | back course |
BFL | balanced field length |
C | Celsius |
CAP | Canada Air Pilot |
CARS | community aerodrome radio station |
CARs | Canadian Aviation Regulations |
CAS | calibrated airspeed |
CAT | clear air turbulence |
CDI | course deviation indicator |
CFI | chief flying instructor |
CFS | Canada Flight Supplement |
C of A | certificate of airworthiness |
C of G | centre of gravity |
C of P | centre of pressure |
C of R | certificate of registration |
CMNPS | Canadian minimum navigation performance specifications |
CMNPSA | Canadian minimum navigation performance specifications airspace |
CP | critical point |
CPL | commercial pilot licence |
CRFI | Canadian Runway Friction Index |
cu. ft. | cubic feet |
CVFR | controlled VFR flight |
CVR | cockpit voice recorder |
CZ | control zone |
DF | direction finder |
DH | decision height |
DME | distance measuring equipment |
DOT | Department of Transport |
DR | dead reckoning |
DVFR | defence visual flight rules |
EAT | expected approach time |
EFC | expected further clearance time |
EGT | exhaust gas temperature |
ELT | emergency locator transmitter |
EPR | engine pressure ratio |
ESCAT | emergency security control of air traffic |
ETA | estimated time of arrival |
ETD | estimated time of departure |
ETOPS | extended range twin-engine operations |
EWH | eye-to-wheel height |
FAA | Federal Aviation Administration (U.S.) |
FD | upper level wind and temperature forecasts |
FDR | flight data recorder |
FIG | Flight Instructor Guide |
FIR | flight information region |
FL | flight level |
FMS | flight management system |
FPD | freezing point depressant |
fpm | feet per minute |
FSS | flight service station |
ft. | feet |
g | accelerating force of gravity (32 ft./sec/sec) |
gal. | gallon(s) |
GASA | geographic area safe altitude |
GFA | graphic area forecast |
GNSS | global navigation satellite system |
GP | glide path |
gph | gallons per hour |
GPS | global positioning system |
G/S | ground speed |
HAA | height above aerodrome |
HAT | height above touchdown |
HE | Enroute High Altitude chart |
HF | high frequency |
HF AM/SSB | high frequency amplitude modulation/ single side band |
hp | horsepower |
hPa | hectopascal |
h | hour |
HSI | horizontal situation indicator |
IAF | initial approach fix |
IAS | indicated airspeed |
ICAO | International Civil Aviation Organization |
IFR | instrument flight rules |
ILS | instrument landing system |
IMC | instrument meteorological conditions |
imp. | imperial |
in. | inch(es) |
in. lb. | inch pound |
in. Hg | inches of mercury |
INS | inertial navigation system |
ISA | International Standard Atmosphere |
ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
kg | kilogram(s) |
kHz | kilohertz |
km | kilometer(s) |
kt. | knot(s) |
LAHSO | land and hold short operations |
lb. | pound(s) |
L/D ratio | lift/drag ratio |
LDA | landing distance available |
LEMAC | leading edge of mean aerodynamic chord |
LF/MF | low frequency/medium frequency |
LO | Enroute Low Altitude chart |
M | magnetic |
MAC | mean aerodynamic chord |
MAP | missed approach point |
mb | millibar(s) |
MC | medical certificate (formerly LVC) |
MDA | minimum descent altitude |
MEA | minimum en route altitude |
MEL | minimum equipment list |
METAR | aviation routine weather report |
MF | mandatory frequency |
MHz | megahertz |
MNPS | minimum navigation performance specifications |
MNPSA | minimum navigation performance specifications airspace |
MOCA | minimum obstruction clearance altitude |
MP | manifold pressure |
MPH | mile(s) per hour |
MRA | minimum reception altitude |
MSL | mean sea level |
MVFR | marginal visual flight rules |
N1/Ng | gas generator turbine RPM |
N2/Np | power turbine RPM |
NAVAID | navigation aid |
NDB | non-directional beacon |
NM | nautical mile(s) |
NOTAM | notice containing aeronautical information |
NORDO | no radio |
OAT | outside air temperature |
OBS | omnibearing selector |
PAPI | precision approach path indicator |
PAR | precision approach radar |
PIC | pilot-in-command |
PIREP | pilot weather report(s) |
PNR | point of no return |
pph | pounds per hour |
PPL | private pilot licence |
psi | pounds per square inch |
PSR | primary surveillance radar |
radar | radio detecting and ranging |
RAIM | receiver autonomous integrity monitoring |
RAMO | regional aviation medical officer |
RCC | rescue coordination centre |
RCO | remote communications outlet |
RMI | radio magnetic indicator |
RNAV | area navigation |
rpm | revolutions per minute |
RPP | recreation pilot permit |
rrpm | rotor revolutions per minute |
RVR | runway visual range |
rwy | runway |
SAE | Society of Automotive Engineers |
SAR | specific air range |
SELCAL | selective calling system |
SGR | specific ground range |
SID | standard instrument departure |
SIGMET | significant meteorological information |
SM | statute mile(s) |
SSR | secondary surveillance radar |
STAR | standard terminal arrival |
STOL | short take-off and landing aircraft |
SVFR | special VFR flight |
T | true |
TACAN | tactical air navigation aid |
TAF | terminal aerodrome forecast |
TAS | true airspeed |
TC | Transport Canada |
TCA | terminal control area |
TCAS | traffic alert and collision avoidance system |
TCU | terminal control unit |
TDZ | touchdown zone |
TEMAC | trailing edge of mean aerodynamic chord |
T/O | takeoff |
TODA | take-off distance available |
TORA | take-off run available |
TOT | turbine outlet temperature |
TSB | Transportation Safety Board of Canada |
UHF | ultrahigh frequency |
UNICOM | universal communications |
U.S. | United States |
UTC | Co-Ordinated Universal Time |
VASIS | visual approach slope indicator system |
VDF | VHF direction-finding service |
VFR | visual flight rules |
VHF | very high frequency |
VLF | very low frequency |
VMC | visual meteorological conditions |
VNC | VFR Navigation Chart |
VOLMET | In-flight meteorological information |
VOR | VHF omnidirectional range |
VORTAC | combination of VOR and TACAN |
VOT | VOR receiver test facility |
VFR OTT | VFR over-the-top |
VSI | vertical speed indicator |
VTA | VFR Terminal Area Chart |
WAC | World Aeronautical Chart |
WP | waypoint |
Z | Co-Ordinated Universal Time (UTC) |